作者:朱翔飞 摘要:《易传》为道德的存在提供了形上学依据,其中的“尽性至命”是对传统的道德功利论的突破。《易传》是《春秋》乃至整个孔学的理论基石。 关键词:孔子;易传;儒家;形上学 Confucius and Yi Zhuan ——On the establishment of the metaphysical system of Confucianism Abstract: Yi Zhuan offered a ground to the existence of morality, in which “probing deeply into human nature, even into human's destiny" in Yi Zhuan broke through the ethical utilitarianism, thus forming a principle basis for the Spring & Autumn and even the whole school of Confucianism. Key words: Confucius; Yi Zhuan; Confucianism; metaphysics 按着太史公的说法,“孔子晚而喜《易》,序《彖》、《系》、《象》、《说卦》、《文言》”(《史记·孔子世家》,本文述孔子言行多以此为据)[1],十分明确地认为,孔子是《易传》的作者。太史公从杨何受《易》,所述必有来历。然而,自北宋欧阳修作《易童子问》以来,这一说法受到了怀疑。数百年来,置疑的范围不断扩大:从开始怀疑部分《易传》非孔子所作,直到认为整个《十翼》皆非孔子作品。20世纪上半叶,《十翼》非孔子作品已成了多数人的共识。[2]然而,这一所谓“定论”,随着帛书《易传》及郭